Friday, August 24, 2007

Article Review 6- Study Links Air Pollution to Premature Births




Link: http://www.enn.com/top_stories/article/22284

Summary: A study by the University of California shows that women who live in areas with high amounts of pollutants have up to a 25% higher chance to have a premature baby as compared to women who live in areas with little or no pollution. The researchers were careful to exempt factors which could have disrupted the study, such as alcohol ingestion and smoking. This study shows that pregnant women have yet another potential disaster to worry about, other than the other dangers of air pollution. The costs and benefits of taking action to reduce air pollution must be weighed again. Perhaps this time, the balance will tip to the right side.

Comment: Air pollution can pose all kinds of dangers to mankind: skin rash, throat irritation, headache, nausea, dizziness, asthma, chronic bronchitis, kidney damage, nervous system damage, cancer. And to this ever-growing list can now be added the horrifying threat of premature birth. Premature birth can cause various problems, such as increased risk of medical problems and a range of other complications, from cardiovascular to neurological. A child’s life could be ruined before it could truly begin. Such injustice should not be tolerated by humans; it is our duty to stop it.

Many argue about matters like euthanasia and abortion. They take firm stands that human life should be valued at all costs. This they do, even though there is only so much they understand about the processes. Why talk of such matters, when there are dangers right in front of our noses? Dangers everyone can help to prevent, and dangers everyone helps to increase; they are so lethal, yet none seem concerned. Air pollution is no new enemy to mankind. It has persisted through the tests of time, and continues to haunt us today. I have already stated how deadly a foe it can be; yet it is a foe that is easy to take down, for it is a terror that we have constructed.

Indeed, air pollution stems from human beings. It is our intrusion upon the natural world we were gifted that gave birth to this monster. Cars and factories release so many harmful gases into the air every day that cities seem to be engulfed in fog day in, day out. Yet what we have created we can destroy. However, it is often said that bad things are easier to create than to remove, and so it goes in this example. The difficulty is not so much in removing the pollutants, but in convincing the people to play their part in this extermination. For air pollution will continue to thrive unless everyone in the world does their utmost to prevent contamination of the environment.


People must understand that it is their intervention of nature that caused all the problems in the first place. Thus they will find it easier to work to make amends. Problems caused by air pollution have been brought upon by ourselves, and it is up to us to change that. After all, the problem we created is killing only ourselves. This is the price of technology and the life many of us are able to enjoy today. People have become so addicted to it that they are not willing to give it up without a fight. They stall for time, maintaining that they are trying to make technology less harmful to the environment. This is a plausible solution, and perhaps one that could satisfy all- if it worked quickly enough. For every day we stall is another day in which the threat of air pollution looms ever larger. Every extra minute we take increases the chance that one of us will be struck down by a tendril shooting out from the powerful monstrosity that we let loose. Every second we wait, our surroundings get destroyed, nature gets depleted. Every moment we fail to act, we take a step closer to total annihilation.

(500 words)

Article Review 5- Sleep and Teenagers

Link: http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A633098

Summary of Article: This article illustrates the effect of sleep on teenagers. Lack of motivation and wild swings of emotion are attributed to a teenager’s lack of sleep. In fact, lack of sleep could even cause mental lapses, making teenagers more prone to accidents. The article goes on to elaborate on how the lack of sleep also causes teenagers to expend more energy and effort to accomplish a given task. Depression and laziness are also obvious repercussions of this. The research shows all of this and more, and explains clearly the reasons why these problems arise and how the situation could be reversed.

Comment: What struck me mere moments after I had finished reading this article was its astonishing relevance to my life. Such was the parallel that I was able to relate what I learned with what I had experienced with no effort or difficulty whatsoever. Needless to say, (having experienced some of the effects cited both first-hand and second-hand) I wholeheartedly give this article the nod; arguing that lack of sleep is not an issue regarding teenagers would be very futile indeed.

A teenager’s life is hectic; at least from my experience. The Raffles Program introduced the first elements of what was to come, as we were bombarded by tests every week and dizzying amounts of homework. Add to that the demanding hours of CCA and you are left with a teenager who needs to sleep late at night even if he does not complete all of his homework early or do revision. Enter an industrious student who strives for excellence. This coupled with the advent of Secondary Three life with so many more subjects than the year before, and what remains is a very stressed teenager who needs to burn midnight oil at least 5 days a week. Note that these scenarios do not include playing time or resting time, either. The worst thing about these scenarios is that they are realistic. As a matter of fact, I know of more than one person in my class who leads such a lifestyle.

Having thus established that lack of sleep is indeed a major problem that teenagers today encounter, I must also mention that many of the effects of this are also apparent. Not least of these is the constant mood swings and motivation variations that teenagers undergo. It is not uncommon to be talking casually to a friend one instant, and to be yelling in exasperation the next. Another frequent repercussion of lack of sleep is mind lapses. I have often heard tales from my friends of how they suddenly realize that they did not know what was going on during lesson even though they thought they were listening. In this way, students are unable to thoroughly grasp what is being taught in class.

Reasons for teenagers sleeping late have been suggested, such as the circadian rhythms (in article). A suggested solution to this problem is starting school later. It is said that this will allow students to rest better, and has been backed up by researchers. However, it is my belief that students should be given less work to do as well. It has been said that the amount of sleep a teenager should get every day is 9 hours. If asked the average number of hours of sleep a Rafflesian teenager gets, I believe 6 would be an appropriate estimate. Lack of sleep drastically reduces the quality of work of teenagers, and also undermines whatever education systems that are in place because the students will be hard-pressed to adhere to them. Therefore, it is my conviction that lack of sleep is a huge barrier to a teenager’s success in life, and I maintain that measures must be taken to change this situation.

I shall end off with a particular phrase from the article which caught my eye:

Technology has enabled us to travel faster, communicate faster and prepare food faster, but no one has discovered a way to sleep faster.
(500 words)
Links to related websites: